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Python

Flask service

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/', methods=['POST'])
def webhook():
    try:
		    # Access data sended by POST
        data = request.json
    except Exception as e:
        # Exception catched
    return '', 200

if __name__ == '__main__':
		# Run app
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5001)

JS

Node server

const express = require("express");

const app = express();
const PORT = 8000;

app.get("/", async (req, res) => {
  //...
});

  

app.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(`Server is running at http://localhost:${PORT}`);
});

  • req (request): Represents the HTTP request object, containing data such as headers, query parameters, and request body.

  • res (response): Represents the HTTP response object, used to send data back to the client.

1. Expecting GET Data (Query Parameters & URL Params)

a) Query Parameters (req.query)

  • Query parameters are sent in the URL after a ? and separated by &.

  • Example URL:

    /search?keyword=express&limit=10

  • Access query parameters using req.query:

    app.get("/search", (req, res) => {
  const keyword = req.query.keyword; // "express"
  const limit = req.query.limit; // "10"
  res.send(`Search for: ${keyword}, Limit: ${limit}`);
});

  • Use case: Searching, filtering, pagination, etc.

b) Route Parameters (req.params)

  • Route parameters are part of the URL path (e.g., /user/:id).

  • Example URL:

    /user/123

  • Access route parameters using req.params:

    app.get("/user/:id", (req, res) => {
  const userId = req.params.id; // "123"
  res.send(`User ID: ${userId}`);
});

  • Use case: Fetching details of a specific item or user.

2. Expecting POST Data (Body Data)

For POST, PUT, PATCH requests, the data is usually sent in the request body.

a) JSON Data (req.body)

  • Ensure Express can parse JSON by using the express.json() middleware.

  • Example request body (JSON):

    {
  "username": "john_doe",
  "password": "secure123"
}

  • Express route to handle it:

    const express = require("express");
const app = express();

app.use(express.json()); // Middleware to parse JSON

app.post("/login", (req, res) => {
  const { username, password } = req.body;
  res.send(`Logging in user: ${username}`);
});

app.listen(3000, () => console.log("Server running on port 3000"));

  • Use case: Login, submitting forms, creating records.

b) Form Data (application/x-www-form-urlencoded)

  • If the form sends data as application/x-www-form-urlencoded (default for HTML forms), use:

    app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }));

  • Example HTML form:

    <form action="/submit" method="post">
  <input type="text" name="name" />
  <input type="email" name="email" />
  <button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

  • Express route:

    app.post("/submit", (req, res) => {
  const name = req.body.name;
  const email = req.body.email;
  res.send(`Received: ${name}, ${email}`);
});
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